The benefit of obtaining the Certified Public Accountant (CPA) Exam Certification

Many accountants joining the profession are curious about the advantages of being a certified public accountant (CPA) so that they can determine if the time and energy to undertake this achievement are worth devoting. The certification process may undoubtedly be rigorous and difficult, but for those employed in industry or finance, success offers some notable advantages. In the US, several states have their board that regulates the certification in their jurisdiction of public accountants.

The qualification process helps both new and seasoned accountants to test their qualifications, develop their abilities, and enhance their understanding of the overall discipline. Via their local state board, prospective applicants can learn more about the licensing process specifics and visit the NASBA website for information about the standardized CPA test. The growing demand for CPAs across the job market is motivated by many factors, so the trend is likely to continue in the near future. Accountants winning their CPA earn 10 percent more on average than non-CPA colleagues and have more chances to grow their careers. In job searching, being a CPA can also be a big boon as it shows professional dedication and makes the candidate stand out from others. Among several other specialist fields, CPA certification demonstrates qualification for auditing, business strategy, bookkeeping, and forensic accounting. Becoming accredited opens the doors to hundreds of various career paths and is essential for foreign positions in particular.

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Topics of Certified Public Accountant (CPA) Exam

The CPA Exam test consists of four, four-hour sections. You must clear all four sections within 18 months with a minimum score of 75 on each part. The core topics for each of the four sections are listed below. These contents are likely to be used for the examination. However, on any particular delivery of the test, other similar topics could also appear.

It is recommended that, where possible, the applicant uses these contents and/or other resources to provide background information on the exam objectives. The syllabus for the Certified Public Accountant (CPA) Exam is listed below with detail of each section and their topics:

1. Auditing and Attestation (AUD)

Objectives covered by this section:

Developing a Planned Response & Assessing Risk (20 to 30%)

• Specific areas of engagement risk
• Planning an engagement
• Assessing and identifying the risk of material misstatement
• Materiality
• Debtor-creditor relationships
• Entity's internal control

Professional Responsibilities, Ethics & General Principles (15 to 25%)

• A firm's system of quality control
• Engagement documentation
• Communication with component auditors
• Ethics and professional conduct
• Nature and scope
• Communication with management

Obtaining Evidence & Performing Further Procedures (30 to 40%)

• Internal control deficiencies and misstatements
• Subsequent events
• Performing specific procedures to get evidence
• Acquisition and disposition of assets
• Written representation
• Sampling techniques

Reporting and Forming Conclusions (15 to 25%)

• Other reporting considerations
• Review service engagements
• Reports on attestation engagements
• Reporting on compliance
• Reports on auditing engagements

2. Regulation (REG)

Objectives covered by this section:

Federal Tax Procedures, Professional Responsibilities, and Ethics (10 to 20%)

• Legal duties
• Responsibilities in tax practice
• Licensing and disciplinary systems
• Federal tax procedures

Business Law (10 to 20%)

• Government regulation of business
• Business structure
• Debtor-creditor relationships
• Agency
• Contracts

Federal Taxation of Property Transactions (12 to 22%)

• Estate and gift taxation
• Cost recovery
• Determination of taxable estate
• Acquisition and disposition of assets
• Gift tax deductions
• Gift tax annual exclusion

Federal Taxation of Individuals (15 to 25%)

• Filing status
• Gross income
• Passive activity losses
• Reporting items from pass-through entities
• Computation of tax and credits
• Computation of tax and credits
• Alternative Minimum Tax

Federal Taxation of Entities (28 to 38%)

• C corporations
• S corporations
• Liquidation of business entities & tax treatment of formation
• Trusts and estates
• Limited liability companies
• Partnerships
• Tax-exempt organizations

3. Financial Accounting and Reporting (FAR)

Objectives covered by this section:

Standard-Setting, Conceptual Framework, and Financial Reporting (25 to 35%)

• Public company reporting topics
• Standard setting and conceptual framework for nonbusiness entities
• Conceptual framework
• Standard setting for non-business entities
• Special purpose framework
• General-purpose financial statements

Select Financial Statement Accounts (30 to 40%)

• Investments
• Intangible assets
• Compensation benefits
• Long-term debt
• Income taxes
• Cash and cash equivalents
• Inventory
• Property, plant, and equipment

Select Transactions (20 to 30%)

• Differences between IFRS and U.S. GAAP
• Software costs
• Fair value measurements
• Subsequent events
• Research and development costs
• Contingencies and commitments
• Business combinations
• Foreign currency transaction and translation
• Derivatives and hedge accounting
• Accounting changes and error corrections
• Leases
• Nonreciprocal transfers

State and Local Governments (5 to 15%)

• State and local government concepts
• Specific types of transactions and events: calculation, measurement, presentation in a governmental entity, and valuation
• Government-wide financial statements
• Comprehensive Annual Financial Report (CAFR)

4. Business Environment and Concepts (BEC)

Objectives covered by this section:

Corporate Governance (17 to 27%)

• ERM (Enterprise Risk Management) frameworks
• Regulatory frameworks and provisions
• Internal control frameworks

Economic Concepts and Analysis (17 to 27%)

• Economic business cycles
• Financial risk management
• Market influences on business

Financial Management (11 to 21%)

• Working capital
• Capital structure
• Financial valuation methods

Information Technology (15 to 25%)

• Role of information technology business
• Processing integrity
• IT governance
• Systems development of maintenance
• Information security/availability

Operations Management (15 to 25%)

• Planning techniques
• Process management
• Cost accounting
• Performance management

For more info read reference:

Study Guide

Exam Contents

Exam process

FAQs and Guide

Certified Public Accountant (CPA) Exam Certification Path

The certification path for the Certified Public Accountant (CPA) Exam consists of this Uniform CPA Examination with 4 sections that can be taken separately as in one section per test window or all sections at once. After clearing these 4 sections, an ethics exam must also be cleared before your license could be processed.

CPA AA Exam Syllabus Topics: