CompTIA PT0-002 : CompTIA PenTest+ Certification

PT0-002 real exams

Exam Code: PT0-002

Exam Name: CompTIA PenTest+ Certification

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

Q & A: 460 Questions and Answers

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CompTIA PT0-002 Exam Syllabus Topics:

TopicDetails

Planning and Scoping - 15%

Explain the importance of planning for an engagement.- Understanding the target audience
- Rules of engagement
- Communication escalation path
- Resources and requirements
  • Confidentiality of findings
  • Known vs. unknown

- Budget
- Impact analysis and remediation timelines
- Disclaimers

  • Point-in-time assessment
  • Comprehensiveness

- Technical constraints
- Support resources

  • WSDL/WADL
  • SOAP project file
  • SDK documentation
  • Swagger document
  • XSD
  • Sample application requests
  • Architectural diagrams
Explain key legal concepts.- Contracts
  • SOW
  • MSA
  • NDA

- Environmental differences

  • Export restrictions
  • Local and national government restrictions
  • Corporate policies

- Written authorization

  • Obtain signature from proper signing authority
  • ​Third-party provider authorization when necessary
Explain the importance of scoping an engagement properly.- Types of assessment
  • Goals-based/objectives-based
  • Compliance-based
  • Red team

- Special scoping considerations

  • Premerger
  • Supply chain

- Target selection

  • Targets
    1. Internal
    - On-site vs. off-site
    2. External
    3. First-party vs. third-party hosted
    4. Physical
    5. Users
    6. SSIDs
    7. Applications
  • Considerations
    1. White-listed vs. black-listed
    2. Security exceptions
    - IPS/WAF whitelist
    - NAC
    - Certificate pinning
    - Company’s policies

- Strategy

  • Black box vs. white box vs. gray box

- Risk acceptance
- Tolerance to impact
- Scheduling
- Scope creep
- Threat actors

  • Adversary tier
    1. APT
    2. Script kiddies
    3. Hacktivist
    4. Insider threat
  • Capabilities
  • Intent
  • Threat models
Explain the key aspects of compliance-based assessments.- Compliance-based assessments, limitations and caveats
  • Rules to complete assessment
  • Password policies
  • Data isolation
  • Key management
  • Limitations
    1. Limited network access
    2. Limited storage access

- Clearly defined objectives based on regulations

Information Gathering and Vulnerability Identification - 22%

Given a scenario, conduct information gathering using appropriate techniques.- Scanning
- Enumeration
  • Hosts
  • Networks
  • Domains
  • Users
  • Groups
  • Network shares
  • Web pages
  • Applications
  • Services
  • Tokens
  • Social networking sites

- Packet crafting
- Packet inspection
- Fingerprinting
- Cryptography

  • Certificate inspection

- Eavesdropping

  • RF communication monitoring
  • Sniffing
    1. Wired
    2. Wireless

- Decompilation
- Debugging
- Open Source Intelligence Gathering

  • Sources of research
    1. CERT
    2. NIST
    3. JPCERT
    4. CAPEC
    5. Full disclosure
    6. CVE
    7. CWE
Given a scenario, perform a vulnerability scan.- Credentialed vs. non-credentialed
- Types of scans
  • Discovery scan
  • Full scan
  • Stealth scan
  • Compliance scan

- Container security
- Application scan

  • Dynamic vs. static analysis

- Considerations of vulnerability scanning

  • Time to run scans
  • Protocols used
  • Network topology
  • Bandwidth limitations
  • Query throttling
  • Fragile systems/non-traditional assets
Given a scenario, analyze vulnerability scan results.- Asset categorization
- Adjudication
  • False positives

- Prioritization of vulnerabilities
- Common themes

  • Vulnerabilities
  • Observations
  • Lack of best practices
Explain the process of leveraging information to prepare for exploitation.- Map vulnerabilities to potential exploits
- Prioritize activities in preparation for penetration test
- Describe common techniques to complete attack
  • Cross-compiling code
  • Exploit modification
  • Exploit chaining
  • Proof-of-concept development (exploit development)
  • Social engineering
  • Credential brute forcing
  • Dictionary attacks
  • Rainbow tables
  • Deception
Explain weaknesses related to specialized systems.- ICS
- SCADA
- Mobile
- IoT
- Embedded
- Point-of-sale system
- Biometrics
- Application containers
- RTOS

Attacks and Exploits - 30%

Compare and contrast social engineering attacks.- Phishing
  • Spear phishing
  • SMS phishing
  • Voice phishing
  • Whaling

- Elicitation

  • Business email compromise

- Interrogation
- Impersonation
- Shoulder surfing
- USB key drop
- Motivation techniques

  • Authority
  • Scarcity
  • Social proof
  • Urgency
  • Likeness
  • Fear
Given a scenario, exploit network-based vulnerabilities.- Name resolution exploits
  • NETBIOS name service
  • LLMNR

- SMB exploits
- SNMP exploits
- SMTP exploits
- FTP exploits
- DNS cache poisoning
- Pass the hash
- Man-in-the-middle

  • ARP spoofing
  • Replay
  • Relay
  • SSL stripping
  • Downgrade

- DoS/stress test
- NAC bypass
- VLAN hopping

Given a scenario, exploit wireless and RF-based vulnerabilities.- Evil twin
  • Karma attack
  • Downgrade attack

- Deauthentication attacks
- Fragmentation attacks
- Credential harvesting
- WPS implementation weakness
- Bluejacking
- Bluesnarfing
- RFID cloning
- Jamming
- Repeating

Given a scenario, exploit application-based vulnerabilities.- Injections
  • SQL
  • HTML
  • Command
  • Code

- Authentication

  • Credential brute forcing
  • Session hijacking
  • Redirect
  • Default credentials
  • Weak credentials
  • Kerberos exploits

- Authorization

  • Parameter pollution
  • Insecure direct object reference

- Cross-site scripting (XSS)

  • Stored/persistent
  • Reflected
  • DOM

- Cross-site request forgery (CSRF/XSRF)
- Clickjacking
- Security misconfiguration

  • Directory traversal
  • Cookie manipulation

- File inclusion

  • Local
  • Remote

- Unsecure code practices

  • Comments in source code
  • Lack of error handling
  • Overly verbose error handling
  • Hard-coded credentials
  • Race conditions
  • Unauthorized use of functions/unprotected APIs
  • Hidden elements
    1. Sensitive information in the DOM
  • Lack of code signing
Given a scenario, exploit local host vulnerabilities.- OS vulnerabilities
  • Windows
  • Mac OS
  • Linux
  • Android
  • iOS

- Unsecure service and protocol configurations
- Privilege escalation

  • Linux-specific
    1. SUID/SGID programs
    2. Unsecure SUDO
    3. Ret2libc
    4. Sticky bits
  • Windows-specific
    1. Cpassword
    2. Clear text credentials in LDAP
    3. Kerberoasting
    4. Credentials in LSASS
    5. Unattended installation
    6. SAM database
    7. DLL hijacking
  • Exploitable services
    1. Unquoted service paths
    2. Writable services
  • Unsecure file/folder permissions
  • Keylogger
  • Scheduled tasks
  • Kernel exploits

- Default account settings
- Sandbox escape

  • Shell upgrade
  • VM
  • Container

- Physical device security

  • Cold boot attack
  • JTAG debug
  • Serial console
Summarize physical security attacks related to facilities.- Piggybacking/tailgating
- Fence jumping
- Dumpster diving
- Lock picking
- Lock bypass
- Egress sensor
- Badge cloning
Given a scenario, perform post-exploitation techniques.- Lateral movement
  • RPC/DCOM
    1. PsExec
    2. WMI
    3. Scheduled tasks
  • PS remoting/WinRM
  • SMB
  • RDP
  • Apple Remote Desktop
  • VNC
  • X-server forwarding
  • Telnet
  • SSH
  • RSH/Rlogin

- Persistence

  • Scheduled jobs
  • Scheduled tasks
  • Daemons
  • Back doors
  • Trojan
  • New user creation

- Covering your tracks

Penetration Testing Tools - 17%

Given a scenario, use Nmap to conduct information gathering exercises.- SYN scan (-sS) vs. full connect scan (-sT)
- Port selection (-p)
- Service identification (-sV)
- OS fingerprinting (-O)
- Disabling ping (-Pn)
- Target input file (-iL)
- Timing (-T)
- Output parameters
  • oA
  • oN
  • oG
  • oX
Compare and contrast various use cases of tools.- Use cases
  • Reconnaissance
  • Enumeration
  • Vulnerability scanning
  • Credential attacks
    1. Offline password cracking
    2. Brute-forcing services
  • Persistence
  • Configuration compliance
  • Evasion
  • Decompilation
  • Forensics
  • Debugging
  • Software assurance
    1. Fuzzing
    2. SAST
    3. DAST

- Tools

  • Scanners
    1. Nikto
    2. OpenVAS
    3. SQLmap
    4. Nessus
  • Credential testing tools
    1. Hashcat
    2. Medusa
    3. Hydra
    4. Cewl
    5. John the Ripper
    6. Cain and Abel
    7. Mimikatz
    8. Patator
    9. Dirbuster
    10. W3AF
  • Debuggers
    1. OLLYDBG
    2. Immunity debugger
    3. GDB
    4. WinDBG
    5. IDA
  • Software assurance
    1. Findbugs/findsecbugs
    2. Peach
    3. AFL
    4. SonarQube
    5. YASCA
  • OSINT
    1. Whois
    2. Nslookup
    3. Foca
    4. Theharvester
    5. Shodan
    6. Maltego
    7. Recon-NG
    8. Censys
  • Wireless
    1. Aircrack-NG
    2. Kismet
    3. WiFite
  • Web proxies
    1. OWASP ZAP
    2. Burp Suite
  • Social engineering tools
    1. SET
    2. BeEF
  • Remote access tools
    1. SSH
    2. NCAT
    3. NETCAT
    4. Proxychains
  • Networking tools
    1. Wireshark
    2. Hping
  • Mobile tools
    1. Drozer
    2. APKX
    3. APK studio
  • MISC
    1. Searchsploit
    2. Powersploit
    3. Responder
    4. Impacket
    5. Empire
    6. Metasploit framework
Given a scenario, analyze tool output or data related to a penetration test.- Password cracking
- Pass the hash
- Setting up a bind shell
- Getting a reverse shell
- Proxying a connection
- Uploading a web shell
- Injections
Given a scenario, analyze a basic script (limited to Bash, Python, Ruby, and PowerShell).- Logic
  • Looping
  • Flow control

- I/O

  • File vs. terminal vs. network

- Substitutions
- Variables
- Common operations

  • String operations
  • Comparisons

- Error handling
- Arrays
- Encoding/decoding

Reporting and Communication - 16%

Given a scenario, use report writing and handling best practices.- Normalization of data
- Written report of findings and remediation
  • Executive summary
  • Methodology
  • Findings and remediation
  • Metrics and measures
    1. Risk rating
  • Conclusion

- Risk appetite
- Storage time for report
- Secure handling and disposition of reports

Explain post-report delivery activities.- Post-engagement cleanup
  • Removing shells
  • Removing tester-created credentials
  • Removing tools

- Client acceptance
- Lessons learned
- Follow-up actions/retest
- Attestation of findings

Given a scenario, recommend mitigation strategies for discovered vulnerabilities.- Solutions
  • People
  • Process
  • Technology

- Findings

  • Shared local administrator credentials
  • Weak password complexity
  • Plain text passwords
  • No multifactor authentication
  • SQL injection
  • Unnecessary open services

- Remediation

  • Randomize credentials/LAPS
  • Minimum password requirements/password filters
  • Encrypt the passwords
  • Implement multifactor authentication
  • Sanitize user input/parameterize queries
  • System hardening
Explain the importance of communication during the penetration testing process.- Communication path
- Communication triggers
  • Critical findings
  • Stages
  • Indicators of prior compromise

- Reasons for communication

  • Situational awareness
  • De-escalation
  • De-confliction

- Goal reprioritization

Reference: https://www.comptia.org/certifications/pentest

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